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Compare Saint Barthelemy (2008) - Reunion (2001)
Compare Saint Barthelemy (2008) z Reunion (2001)
| Saint Barthelemy (2008) | Reunion (2001) | |
 |  | |
| Administrative divisions | - | none (overseas department of France); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 4 arrondissements, 24 communes, and 47 cantons |
| Age structure | - | 0-14 years:
32.07% (male 120,259; female 114,669) 15-64 years: 62.25% (male 224,347; female 231,698) 65 years and over: 5.68% (male 16,892; female 24,705) (2001 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | - | sugarcane, vanilla, tobacco, tropical fruits, vegetables, corn |
| Airports | 1 | 2 (2000 est.) |
| Airports - with paved runways | total: 1
under 914 m: 1 |
total:
2 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2000 est.) |
| Area | 21 sq km | total:
2,512 sq km land: 2,502 sq km water: 10 sq km |
| Area - comparative | less than an eighth of the size of Washington, DC | slightly smaller than Rhode Island |
| Background | Discovered in 1493 by Christopher COLUMBUS who named it for his brother Bartolomeo, St. Barthelemy was first settled by the French in 1648. In 1784, the French sold the island to Sweden, who renamed the largest town Gustavia, after the Swedish King GUSTAV III, and made it a free port; the island prospered as a trade and supply center during the colonial wars of the 18th century. France repurchased the island in 1878 and placed it under the administration of Guadeloupe. St. Barthelemy retained its free port status along with various Swedish appelations such as Swedish street and town names, and the three-crown symbol on the coat of arms. In 2003, the populace of the island voted to secede from Guadeloupe and in 2007, the island became a French overseas collectivity. | The Portuguese discovered the uninhabited island in 1513. From the 17th to the 19th centuries, French immigration supplemented by influxes of Africans, Chinese, Malays, and Malabar Indians gave the island its ethnic mix. The opening of the Suez Canal in 1869 cost the island its importance as a stopover on the East Indies trade route. |
| Birth rate | - | 21.26 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) |
| Budget | - | revenues:
NA expenditures: NA |
| Capital | name: Gustavia
geographic coordinates: 17 53 N, 62 51 W time difference: UTC-4 (1 hour behind Washington, DC, during Standard Time) daylight savings: +1 hour, starts 20 March and ends 17 October |
Saint-Denis |
| Climate | tropical, with practically no variation in temperature; has two seasons (dry and humid) | tropical, but temperature moderates with elevation; cool and dry from May to November, hot and rainy from November to April |
| Coastline | - | 207 km |
| Constitution | 4 October 1958 (French Constitution) | 28 September 1958 (French Constitution) |
| Country name | conventional long form: Overseas Collectivity of Saint Barthelemy
conventional short form: Saint Barthelemy local long form: Collectivite d'outre mer de Saint-Barthelemy local short form: Saint-Barthelemy |
conventional long form:
Department of Reunion conventional short form: Reunion local long form: none local short form: Ile de la Reunion former: Bourbon Island |
| Currency | - | French franc (FRF); euro (EUR) |
| Death rate | - | 5.52 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) |
| Debt - external | - | $NA |
| Dependency status | overseas collectivity of France | overseas department of France |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | none (overseas collectivity of France) | none (overseas department of France) |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | none (overseas collectivity of France) | none (overseas department of France) |
| Disputes - international | - | none |
| Economic aid - recipient | - | $NA; note - substantial annual subsidies from France |
| Economy - overview | The economy of Saint Barthelemy is based upon high-end tourism and duty-free luxury commerce, serving visitors primarily from North America. The luxury hotels and villas host 70,000 visitors each year with another 130,000 arriving by boat. The relative isolation and high cost of living inhibits mass tourism. The construction and public sectors also enjoy significant investment in support of tourism. With limited fresh water resources, all food must be imported, as must all energy resources and most manufactured goods. Employment is strong and attracts labor from Brazil and Portugal. | The economy has traditionally been based on agriculture. Sugarcane has been the primary crop for more than a century, and in some years it accounts for 85% of exports. The government has been pushing the development of a tourist industry to relieve high unemployment, which amounts to more than 40% of the labor force. The gap in Reunion between the well-off and the poor is extraordinary and accounts for the persistent social tensions. The white and Indian communities are substantially better off than other segments of the population, often approaching European standards, whereas minority groups suffer the poverty and unemployment typical of the poorer nations of the African continent. The outbreak of severe rioting in February 1991 illustrates the seriousness of socioeconomic tensions. The economic well-being of Reunion depends heavily on continued financial assistance from France. |
| Electricity - consumption | - | 1.023 billion kWh (1999) |
| Electricity - exports | - | 0 kWh (1999) |
| Electricity - imports | - | 0 kWh (1999) |
| Electricity - production | - | 1.1 billion kWh (1999) |
| Electricity - production by source | - | fossil fuel:
54.55% hydro: 45.45% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (1999) |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point: Caribbean Ocean 0 m
highest point: Morne du Vitet 286 m |
lowest point:
Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: Piton des Neiges 3,069 m |
| Environment - current issues | with no natural rivers or streams, fresh water is in short supply, especially in summer, and provided by desalinization of sea water, collection of rain water, or imported via water tanker | NA |
| Ethnic groups | white, Creole (mulatto), black, Guadeloupe Mestizo (French-East Asia) | French, African, Malagasy, Chinese, Pakistani, Indian |
| Exchange rates | euros per US dollar - NA (2007), 0.7964 (2006), 0.8041 (2005), 0.8054 (2004), 0.886 (2003) | euros per US dollar - 1.06594 (January 2001), 1.08540 (2000), 0.9386 (1999); French francs per US dollar - 5.8995 (1998), 5.8367 (1997), 5.1155 (1996) |
| Executive branch | chief of state: President Nicolas SARKOZY (since 16 May 2007), represented by Prefect Dominique LACROIX (since 21 March 2007)
head of government: President of the Territorial Council Bruno MAGRAS (since 16 July 2007) cabinet: Executive Council; note - there is also an advisory, economic, social, and cultural council elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; president of the Territorial Council is elected by the members of the Council for a five-year term election results: Bruno MAGRAS unanimously elected president by the Territorial Council on 16 July 2007 |
chief of state:
President Jacques CHIRAC of France (since 17 May 1995), represented by Prefect Robert POMMIES (since NA 1996) head of government: President of the General Council Jean-Luc POUDROUX (since NA March 1998) and President of the Regional Council Paul VERGES (since NA March 1993) cabinet: NA elections: French president elected by popular vote for a seven-year term; prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of the Interior; the presidents of the General and Regional Councils are elected by the members of those councils |
| Exports | - | $214 million (f.o.b., 1997) |
| Exports - commodities | - | sugar 63%, rum and molasses 4%, perfume essences 2%, lobster 3%, (1993) |
| Exports - partners | - | France 74%, Japan 6%, Comoros 4% (1994) |
| Fiscal year | - | calendar year |
| Flag description | the flag of France is used | the flag of France is used |
| GDP | - | purchasing power parity - $3.4 billion (1998 est.) |
| GDP - composition by sector | - | agriculture:
NA% industry: NA% services: NA% |
| GDP - per capita | - | purchasing power parity - $4,800 (1998 est.) |
| GDP - real growth rate | - | 3.8% (1998 est.) |
| Geographic coordinates | 17 90 N, 62 85 W | 21 06 S, 55 36 E |
| Highways | - | total:
2,724 km paved: 1,300 km (including 73 km of four-lane road) unpaved: 1,424 km note: 370 km of road are maintained by national authorities, 754 km by departmental authorities and 1600 km by local authorities (1994) |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | - | lowest 10%:
NA% highest 10%: NA% |
| Imports | - | $2.5 billion (c.i.f., 1997) |
| Imports - commodities | - | manufactured goods, food, beverages, tobacco, machinery and transportation equipment, raw materials, and petroleum products |
| Imports - partners | - | France 64%, Bahrain 3%, Germany 3%, Italy 3% (1994) |
| Independence | none (overseas collectivity of France) | none (overseas department of France) |
| Industrial production growth rate | - | NA% |
| Industries | - | sugar, rum, cigarettes, handicraft items, flower oil extraction |
| Infant mortality rate | - | 8.49 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | - | NA% |
| International organization participation | UPU | FZ, InOC, WFTU |
| Internet Service Providers (ISPs) | - | 1 (2000) |
| Irrigated land | - | 60 sq km (1993 est.) |
| Judicial branch | - | Court of Appeals or Cour d'Appel |
| Labor force | - | 261,000 (1995) |
| Labor force - by occupation | - | agriculture 8%, industry 19%, services 73% (1990) |
| Land boundaries | 0 km | 0 km |
| Land use | - | arable land:
17% permanent crops: 2% permanent pastures: 5% forests and woodland: 35% other: 41% (1993 est.) |
| Languages | French (primary), English | French (official), Creole widely used |
| Legal system | the laws of France, where applicable, apply | French law |
| Legislative branch | unicameral Territorial Council (19 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)
elections: last held 1 and 8 July 2007 (next to be held July 2012) election results: percent of vote by party - SBA 72.2%, Action-Equilibre-Transparence 9.9%, Ensemble pour Saint-Barthelemy 7.9%, Tous Unis pour Saint-Barthelemy 9.9%; seats by party - SBA 16, Action-Equilibre-Transparence 1, Ensemble pour Saint-Barthelemy 1, Tous Unis pour Saint-Barthelemy 1 |
unicameral General Council (47 seats; members are elected by direct popular vote to serve six-year terms) and a unicameral Regional Council (45 seats; members are elected by direct popular vote to serve six-year terms)
elections: General Council - last held NA March 1994 (next to be held NA 2000); Regional Council - last held 15 March 1998 (next to be held NA 2004) election results: General Council - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - PCR 12, PS 12, UDF 11, RPR 5, others 7; Regional Council - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - PCR 7, UDF 8, PS 6, RPR 4, various right-wing candidates 15, various left-wing candidates 5 note: Reunion elects three representatives to the French Senate; elections last held 14 April 1996 (next to be held NA 2001); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - RPR 1, PCR 2; Reunion also elects five deputies to the French National Assembly; elections last held 25 May and 1 June 1997 (next to be held NA 2002); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - PCR 3, PS 1, and RPR-UDF 1 |
| Life expectancy at birth | - | total population:
72.93 years male: 69.53 years female: 76.49 years (2001 est.) |
| Literacy | - | definition:
age 15 and over can read and write total population: 79% male: 76% female: 80% (1982 est.) |
| Location | located approximately 125 miles northwest of Guadeloupe | Southern Africa, island in the Indian Ocean, east of Madagascar |
| Map references | Central America and the Caribbean | World |
| Maritime claims | - | exclusive economic zone:
200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM |
| Merchant marine | - | total:
1 ship (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 28,264 GRT/44,885 DWT ships by type: chemical tanker 1 (2000 est.) |
| Military - note | defense is the responsibility of France | defense is the responsibility of France |
| Military branches | - | French forces (Army, Navy, Air Force, and Gendarmerie) |
| Military manpower - availability | - | males age 15-49:
190,846 (2001 est.) |
| Military manpower - fit for military service | - | males age 15-49:
97,497 (2001 est.) |
| Military manpower - military age | - | 18 years of age |
| Military manpower - reaching military age annually | - | males:
6,243 (2001 est.) |
| National holiday | Bastille Day, 14 July (1789); note - local holiday is St. Barthelemy Day, 24 August | Bastille Day, 14 July (1789) |
| Nationality | - | noun:
Reunionese (singular and plural) adjective: Reunionese |
| Natural hazards | - | periodic, devastating cyclones (December to April); Piton de la Fournaise on the southeastern coast is an active volcano |
| Natural resources | has few natural resouces, its beaches being the most important | fish, arable land, hydropower |
| Net migration rate | - | 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) |
| Political parties and leaders | Action-Equilibre-Transparence [Maxime DESOUCHES]; Ensemble pour Saint-Barthelemy [Benoit CHAUVIN]; Saint-Barth d'Abord! or SBA [Bruno MAGRAS]; Tous Unis pour Saint-Barthelemy [Karine MIOT-RICHARD] | Communist Party of Reunion or PCR [Paul VERGES]; Rally for the Republic or RPR [Andre Maurice PIHOUEE]; Socialist Party or PS [Jean-Claude FRUTEAU]; Union for French Democracy or UDF [Gilbert GERARD] |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | - | NA |
| Population | 6,852 (1999 March census) | 732,570 (July 2001 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | - | NA% |
| Population growth rate | - | 1.57% (2001 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | - | Le Port, Pointe des Galets |
| Radio broadcast stations | - | AM 2, FM 55, shortwave 0 (1998) |
| Radios | - | 173,000 (1997) |
| Railways | - | 0 km |
| Religions | Roman Catholic, Protestant, Jehovah's Witness | Roman Catholic 86%, Hindu, Muslim, Buddhist (1995) |
| Sex ratio | - | at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.68 male(s)/female total population: 0.97 male(s)/female (2001 est.) |
| Suffrage | 18 years of age, universal | 18 years of age; universal |
| Telephone system | general assessment: fully integrated access
domestic: direct dial capability with both fixed and wireless systems international: country code - 590; undersea fiber-optic cable provides voice and data connectivity to Puerto Rico and Guadeloupe |
general assessment:
adequate system; principal center is Saint-Denis domestic: modern open wire and microwave radio relay network international: radiotelephone communication to Comoros, France, Madagascar; new microwave route to Mauritius; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) |
| Telephones - main lines in use | - | 236,500 (1997) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | - | 85,000 (1999) |
| Television broadcast stations | - | 22 (plus 18 low-power repeaters) (1997) |
| Terrain | hilly, almost completely surrounded by shallow-water reefs, with 20 beaches | mostly rugged and mountainous; fertile lowlands along coast |
| Total fertility rate | - | 2.58 children born/woman (2001 est.) |
| Transportation - note | nearest airport for international flights is Princess Juliana International Airport (SXM) located in Sint Maarten (Netherlands Antilles) | - |
| Unemployment rate | - | 42.8% (1998) |
| Waterways | - | none |
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